Chapter 3
1
am 2990, bc 1014, An, Ex, Is, 477
affinity 2Chr 18:1; Ezra 9:14
and took 1Kgs 7:8, 1Kgs 9:24, 1Kgs 11:1
the city 2Sam 5:7; 1Chr 11:7
his own 1Kgs 7:1-12
the house 1Kgs 6:1-38, 1Kgs 7:13-15; 2Chr. 2:1-4:22; Ezra 5:11
the wall 1Kgs 9:15-19
2
the people It was not right to offer sacrifices in any place but where the tabernacle and ark were; and wherever they were, whether on a high place or a plain, sacrifices might be lawfully offered, previously to building of the temple. The tabernacle was now at Gibeon (2Chr 1:3), which was therefore called the great high place; whither we find Solomon, without censure, repaired to sacrifice. 1Kgs 22:43; Lev 17:3-6, Lev 26:30; Deut 12:2-5; 2Chr 33:17
was no 1Kgs 5:3; 1Chr 17:4-6, 1Chr 28:3-6; Acts 7:47-49
3
loved Deut 6:5, Deut 10:12, Deut 30:6, Deut 30:16, Deut 30:20; 2Sam 12:24-25; Ps 31:23; Matt 22:37; Mark 12:29-30; Rom 8:28; 1Cor 8:3; Jas 1:12, Jas 2:5; 1John 4:19-20, 1John 5:2-3
walking 1Kgs 3:6, 1Kgs 3:14, 1Kgs 2:3-4, 1Kgs 11:34, 1Kgs 15:3; 1Chr 28:8-9; 2Chr 17:3-5; John 14:15, John 14:21
only he 1Kgs 15:14, 1Kgs 22:43; 2Kgs 12:3, 2Kgs 14:4, 2Kgs 15:4, 2Kgs 15:35, 2Kgs 18:4, 2Kgs 18:22
4
Gibeon 1Kgs 9:2; Josh 9:3, Josh 10:2; 1Chr 16:39, 1Chr 21:29; 2Chr 1:3, 2Chr 1:7-12
a thousand 1Kgs 8:63; 2Chr 1:6, 2Chr 7:5, 2Chr 29:32-35, 2Chr 30:24; Isa 40:16; Mic 6:6-7
5
the Lord 1Kgs 9:2
in a dream Gen 28:12-13; Num 12:6; Job 33:14-15; Matt 1:20, Matt 2:13, Matt 2:19
Ask what 2Chr 1:7-12; Matt 7:7-8; Mark 10:36, Mark 10:38-51, Mark 11:24; John 14:13-14, John 15:16; Jas 1:5-6; 1John 5:14-15
6
thy servant Num 12:7; 2Sam 7:5
great 2Sam 7:8-12, 2Sam 12:7-8, 2Sam 22:47-51; 1Chr 29:12-14; Ps 78:70-72
mercy or, bounty, Ps 13:6, Ps 116:7, Ps 119:17; 2Cor 9:5, 2Cor 9:11
according 1Kgs 2:4, 1Kgs 9:4, 1Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 20:3; Ps 15:2, Ps 18:20-24
that 1Kgs 1:48
7
thou hast Dan 2:21, Dan 4:25, Dan 4:32, Dan 5:18, Dan 5:21
a little 1Chr 29:1; Job 32:6-8; Eccl 10:16; Jer 1:6; Matt 18:3-4
to go Num 27:17; Deut 31:2; 1Sam 18:16; 2Sam 5:2; Ps 121:8; John 10:3-4, John 10:9
8
thy people Exod 19:5-6; Deut 7:6-8; 1Sam 12:22; Ps 78:71
cannot Gen 13:16, Gen 15:5, Gen 22:17; 1Chr 21:2, 1Chr 21:5-6, 1Chr 27:23-24
9
Give therefore 1Chr 22:12, 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 1:10; Ps 119:34, Ps 119:73, Ps 119:144; Prov 2:3-9, Prov 3:13-18; Prov 16:16; Jas 1:5, Jas 3:17
understanding Heb. hearing, Prov 20:12
to judge 1Kgs 3:28; Ps 72:1-2; Prov 14:8; Eccl 7:11, Eccl 7:19, Eccl 9:15-18; John 5:30
discern 2Sam 14:17; Isa 11:2-4; 1Cor 2:14-15; Eph 5:17; Phil 1:10 *Gr: Heb 5:14
who is able Exod 3:11-12, Exod 4:10-13; Jer 1:6; Matt 3:11, Matt 3:14; 2Cor 2:16, 2Cor 3:5
10
pleased Prov 15:8
11
hast not Ps 4:6; Prov 16:31; Matt 20:21-22; Rom 8:26; Jas 4:2-3
long life Heb. many days
discern Heb. hear, 1Kgs 3:9 *marg.
12
I have done Ps 10:17; Isa 65:24; Rom 8:26-27; 1John 5:14-15
I have given 1Kgs 3:28, 1Kgs 2:6, 1Kgs 2:9, 1Kgs 4:29-34, 1Kgs 5:12, 1Kgs 10:3-8, 1Kgs 10:23-24; 2Chr 1:11-12, 2Chr 2:12, 2Chr 9:5-8; Eccl 1:13, Eccl 1:16; Luke 21:15
neither Matt 12:42; Col 2:3
13
And I Ps 84:11-12; Matt 6:33; Rom 8:32; 1Cor 3:22-23; Eph 3:20
riches 1Kgs 4:21-24, 1Kgs 10:23-29; Prov 3:16
shall not be or, hath not been
14
if thou 1Kgs 2:3-4; 1Chr 22:12-13, 1Chr 28:9; 2Chr 7:17-19; Ps 132:12; Zech 3:7
as thy 1Kgs 3:3, 1Kgs 9:4-5, 1Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 17:3-4, 2Chr 29:2, 2Chr 34:2; Acts 13:22
I will lengthen Deut 5:16, Deut 25:15; Ps 21:4, Ps 91:16; Prov 3:2, Prov 3:16; 1Tim 4:8
15
awoke Gen 41:7; Jer 31:26
before 2Sam 6:17; 1Chr 16:1-2
peace offerings 1Kgs 8:63, 1Kgs 8:65; Lev 3:1-17, Lev 7:11-19; 2Sam 6:18-19; 2Chr 7:5, 2Chr 7:7-10, 2Chr 30:22-26
a feast Gen 31:54, Gen 40:20; Esth 1:3; Dan 5:1; Mark 6:21
16
two women Lev 19:29; Deut 23:17; Josh 2:1
harlots The word zanoth, rendered harlots, is here translated by the Targumist, the best judge in this case, pundekon, "tavern-keepers." See note on Josh 2:1, and see note on Judg 11:1. Had these women been harlots, it is not likely that they would have dared to appear before Solomon; nor is it likely that such persons would have been permitted in the reign of David. Their husbands might at this time have been following their necessary occupations in distant parts.
stood Exod 18:13, Exod 18:16; Num 27:2
17
O my lord Gen 43:20; Rom 13:7
20
midnight Job 24:13-17; Ps 139:11; Matt 13:25; John 3:20
took 1Kgs 3:21
21
give Gen 21:7; 1Sam 1:23; Lam 4:3-4
22
Nay 1Kgs 3:23-24
25
Divide This was apparently a very strange decision; but Solomon saw that the only way to discover the real mother was by the affection and tenderness should would necessarily shew to her offspring. The plan was tried, and succeeded; and it was a proof of his sound judgment, penetration, and acquaintance with the human heart, or rather, of his extraordinary and supernatural wisdom. See note on 1Kgs 3:28. The two following instances are in some faint manner to be compared to Solomon's decision, inasmuch as they also work upon the human sympathies. Suetonius, in his Life of the emperor Claudian, tells us, that this emperor discovered a woman to be the real mother of a young man, whom she refused to acknowledge, by commanding her to marry him, the proofs being doubtful on both sides; for, rather than commit incest, she confessed the truth. Diodorus Siculus also informs us, that Ariopharnes, king of Thrace, being appointed to decided between three young men, each of whom professed to be the son of the deceased king of the Cimmerians, and claimed the succession, discovered the real son by ordering each to shoot an arrow into the dead body of the king. Two of them did this without hesitation; but the real son of the deceased monarch refused. Prov 25:8
26
her bowels Gen 43:30; Isa 49:15; Jer 31:20; Hos 11:8; Phil 1:8, Phil 2:1; 1John 3:17
yearned Heb. were hot, Ps 39:3
give her Rom 1:31; 2Tim 3:3
28
feared Exod 14:31; Josh 4:14; 1Sam 12:18; 1Chr 29:24; Prov 24:21
the wisdom 1Kgs 3:9-12; Ezra 7:25; Eccl 7:19; Dan 2:21, Dan 2:47, Dan 5:11; 1Cor 1:24, 1Cor 1:30; Col 2:3
in him Heb. in the midst of him
to do Ps 72:2, Ps 72:4
1
am 2990, bc 1014, An, Ex, Is, 477
affinity 2Chr 18:1; Ezra 9:14
and took 1Kgs 7:8, 1Kgs 9:24, 1Kgs 11:1
the city 2Sam 5:7; 1Chr 11:7
his own 1Kgs 7:1-12
the house 1Kgs 6:1-38, 1Kgs 7:13-15; 2Chr. 2:1-4:22; Ezra 5:11
the wall 1Kgs 9:15-19
2
the people It was not right to offer sacrifices in any place but where the tabernacle and ark were; and wherever they were, whether on a high place or a plain, sacrifices might be lawfully offered, previously to building of the temple. The tabernacle was now at Gibeon (2Chr 1:3), which was therefore called the great high place; whither we find Solomon, without censure, repaired to sacrifice. 1Kgs 22:43; Lev 17:3-6, Lev 26:30; Deut 12:2-5; 2Chr 33:17
was no 1Kgs 5:3; 1Chr 17:4-6, 1Chr 28:3-6; Acts 7:47-49
3
loved Deut 6:5, Deut 10:12, Deut 30:6, Deut 30:16, Deut 30:20; 2Sam 12:24-25; Ps 31:23; Matt 22:37; Mark 12:29-30; Rom 8:28; 1Cor 8:3; Jas 1:12, Jas 2:5; 1John 4:19-20, 1John 5:2-3
walking 1Kgs 3:6, 1Kgs 3:14, 1Kgs 2:3-4, 1Kgs 11:34, 1Kgs 15:3; 1Chr 28:8-9; 2Chr 17:3-5; John 14:15, John 14:21
only he 1Kgs 15:14, 1Kgs 22:43; 2Kgs 12:3, 2Kgs 14:4, 2Kgs 15:4, 2Kgs 15:35, 2Kgs 18:4, 2Kgs 18:22
4
Gibeon 1Kgs 9:2; Josh 9:3, Josh 10:2; 1Chr 16:39, 1Chr 21:29; 2Chr 1:3, 2Chr 1:7-12
a thousand 1Kgs 8:63; 2Chr 1:6, 2Chr 7:5, 2Chr 29:32-35, 2Chr 30:24; Isa 40:16; Mic 6:6-7
5
the Lord 1Kgs 9:2
in a dream Gen 28:12-13; Num 12:6; Job 33:14-15; Matt 1:20, Matt 2:13, Matt 2:19
Ask what 2Chr 1:7-12; Matt 7:7-8; Mark 10:36, Mark 10:38-51, Mark 11:24; John 14:13-14, John 15:16; Jas 1:5-6; 1John 5:14-15
6
thy servant Num 12:7; 2Sam 7:5
great 2Sam 7:8-12, 2Sam 12:7-8, 2Sam 22:47-51; 1Chr 29:12-14; Ps 78:70-72
mercy or, bounty, Ps 13:6, Ps 116:7, Ps 119:17; 2Cor 9:5, 2Cor 9:11
according 1Kgs 2:4, 1Kgs 9:4, 1Kgs 15:5; 2Kgs 20:3; Ps 15:2, Ps 18:20-24
that 1Kgs 1:48
7
thou hast Dan 2:21, Dan 4:25, Dan 4:32, Dan 5:18, Dan 5:21
a little 1Chr 29:1; Job 32:6-8; Eccl 10:16; Jer 1:6; Matt 18:3-4
to go Num 27:17; Deut 31:2; 1Sam 18:16; 2Sam 5:2; Ps 121:8; John 10:3-4, John 10:9
8
thy people Exod 19:5-6; Deut 7:6-8; 1Sam 12:22; Ps 78:71
cannot Gen 13:16, Gen 15:5, Gen 22:17; 1Chr 21:2, 1Chr 21:5-6, 1Chr 27:23-24
9
Give therefore 1Chr 22:12, 1Chr 29:19; 2Chr 1:10; Ps 119:34, Ps 119:73, Ps 119:144; Prov 2:3-9, Prov 3:13-18; Prov 16:16; Jas 1:5, Jas 3:17
understanding Heb. hearing, Prov 20:12
to judge 1Kgs 3:28; Ps 72:1-2; Prov 14:8; Eccl 7:11, Eccl 7:19, Eccl 9:15-18; John 5:30
discern 2Sam 14:17; Isa 11:2-4; 1Cor 2:14-15; Eph 5:17; Phil 1:10 *Gr: Heb 5:14
who is able Exod 3:11-12, Exod 4:10-13; Jer 1:6; Matt 3:11, Matt 3:14; 2Cor 2:16, 2Cor 3:5
10
pleased Prov 15:8
11
hast not Ps 4:6; Prov 16:31; Matt 20:21-22; Rom 8:26; Jas 4:2-3
long life Heb. many days
discern Heb. hear, 1Kgs 3:9 *marg.
12
I have done Ps 10:17; Isa 65:24; Rom 8:26-27; 1John 5:14-15
I have given 1Kgs 3:28, 1Kgs 2:6, 1Kgs 2:9, 1Kgs 4:29-34, 1Kgs 5:12, 1Kgs 10:3-8, 1Kgs 10:23-24; 2Chr 1:11-12, 2Chr 2:12, 2Chr 9:5-8; Eccl 1:13, Eccl 1:16; Luke 21:15
neither Matt 12:42; Col 2:3
13
And I Ps 84:11-12; Matt 6:33; Rom 8:32; 1Cor 3:22-23; Eph 3:20
riches 1Kgs 4:21-24, 1Kgs 10:23-29; Prov 3:16
shall not be or, hath not been
14
if thou 1Kgs 2:3-4; 1Chr 22:12-13, 1Chr 28:9; 2Chr 7:17-19; Ps 132:12; Zech 3:7
as thy 1Kgs 3:3, 1Kgs 9:4-5, 1Kgs 15:5; 2Chr 17:3-4, 2Chr 29:2, 2Chr 34:2; Acts 13:22
I will lengthen Deut 5:16, Deut 25:15; Ps 21:4, Ps 91:16; Prov 3:2, Prov 3:16; 1Tim 4:8
15
awoke Gen 41:7; Jer 31:26
before 2Sam 6:17; 1Chr 16:1-2
peace offerings 1Kgs 8:63, 1Kgs 8:65; Lev 3:1-17, Lev 7:11-19; 2Sam 6:18-19; 2Chr 7:5, 2Chr 7:7-10, 2Chr 30:22-26
a feast Gen 31:54, Gen 40:20; Esth 1:3; Dan 5:1; Mark 6:21
16
two women Lev 19:29; Deut 23:17; Josh 2:1
harlots The word zanoth, rendered harlots, is here translated by the Targumist, the best judge in this case, pundekon, "tavern-keepers." See note on Josh 2:1, and see note on Judg 11:1. Had these women been harlots, it is not likely that they would have dared to appear before Solomon; nor is it likely that such persons would have been permitted in the reign of David. Their husbands might at this time have been following their necessary occupations in distant parts.
stood Exod 18:13, Exod 18:16; Num 27:2
17
O my lord Gen 43:20; Rom 13:7
20
midnight Job 24:13-17; Ps 139:11; Matt 13:25; John 3:20
took 1Kgs 3:21
21
give Gen 21:7; 1Sam 1:23; Lam 4:3-4
22
Nay 1Kgs 3:23-24
25
Divide This was apparently a very strange decision; but Solomon saw that the only way to discover the real mother was by the affection and tenderness should would necessarily shew to her offspring. The plan was tried, and succeeded; and it was a proof of his sound judgment, penetration, and acquaintance with the human heart, or rather, of his extraordinary and supernatural wisdom. See note on 1Kgs 3:28. The two following instances are in some faint manner to be compared to Solomon's decision, inasmuch as they also work upon the human sympathies. Suetonius, in his Life of the emperor Claudian, tells us, that this emperor discovered a woman to be the real mother of a young man, whom she refused to acknowledge, by commanding her to marry him, the proofs being doubtful on both sides; for, rather than commit incest, she confessed the truth. Diodorus Siculus also informs us, that Ariopharnes, king of Thrace, being appointed to decided between three young men, each of whom professed to be the son of the deceased king of the Cimmerians, and claimed the succession, discovered the real son by ordering each to shoot an arrow into the dead body of the king. Two of them did this without hesitation; but the real son of the deceased monarch refused. Prov 25:8
26
her bowels Gen 43:30; Isa 49:15; Jer 31:20; Hos 11:8; Phil 1:8, Phil 2:1; 1John 3:17
yearned Heb. were hot, Ps 39:3
give her Rom 1:31; 2Tim 3:3
28
feared Exod 14:31; Josh 4:14; 1Sam 12:18; 1Chr 29:24; Prov 24:21
the wisdom 1Kgs 3:9-12; Ezra 7:25; Eccl 7:19; Dan 2:21, Dan 2:47, Dan 5:11; 1Cor 1:24, 1Cor 1:30; Col 2:3
in him Heb. in the midst of him
to do Ps 72:2, Ps 72:4