Chapter 13
1
am 2911, bc 1093, An, Ex, Is, 398
reigned one year Heb. the son of one year in his reigning, This verse is variously interpreted; but probably it only means, according to the Hebrew idiom, that, during the first year nothing remarkable occurred; but after two years (or in the second year of his reign), the subsequent events took place. Exod 12:5; Mic 6:6 *marg.
2
chose 1Sam 8:11, 1Sam 14:52
Michmash Michmash was situated east of Bethaven, or Bethel; and Eusebius says it was in his time a considerable place, about nine miles from Jerusalem, towards Rama. 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:5, 1Sam 14:31; Isa 10:28
in Gibeah 1Sam 10:26, 1Sam 15:34; Josh 18:28; Judg 19:12; 2Sam 21:6; Isa 10:29
3
the garrison 1Sam 10:5, 1Sam 14:1-6; 2Sam 23:14
Geba or, the hill, Josh 18:24, Gaba, Josh 21:17; Isa 10:29; Zech 14:10
blew Judg 3:27, Judg 6:34; 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 20:1
4
was had in abomination Heb. did stink, Gen 34:30, Gen 46:34; Exod 5:21; Zech 11:8
to Gilgal 1Sam 10:8, 1Sam 11:14-15; Josh 5:9
5
thirty thousand chariots The Philistines had no doubt collected troops in this emergency, from all the surrounding nation; but the number of chariots is immensely large beyond any example, and wholly disproportioned to the number of their cavalry. It is probable, therefore, that for sheloshim aileph, "thirty thousand," we should read shelosh aileph, "three thousand," with the Syriac and Arabic.
as the sand Gen 22:17; Josh 11:4; Judg 7:12; 2Chr 1:9; Isa 48:19; Jer 15:8; Rom 9:27
Bethaven 1Sam 14:23; Josh 7:2, Josh 18:12; Hos 4:15, Hos 5:8, Hos 10:5
6
in a strait Exod 14:10-12; Josh 8:20; Judg 10:9, Judg 20:41; 2Sam 24:14; Phil 1:23
in caves 1Sam 14:11, 1Sam 23:19, 1Sam 24:3; Judg 6:2; Isa 42:22; Heb 11:38
7
the Hebrews Lev 26:17, Lev 26:36-37; Deut 28:25
Gad Num 32:1-5, Num 32:33-42; Deut 3:12; Josh 13:24-31
followed him trembling Heb. trembled after him, Deut 20:8; Judg 7:3; Hos 11:10-11
8
tarried 1Sam 10:8
9
he offered 1Sam 13:12-13, 1Sam 14:18, 1Sam 15:21-22; Deut 12:6; 1Kgs 3:4; Ps 37:7; Prov 15:8; Prov 20:22, Prov 21:3, Prov 21:27; Isa 66:3
10
Saul 1Sam 15:13
salute him Heb. bless him, 1Sam 15:13; Ruth 2:4; Ps 129:8
11
What hast Gen 3:13, Gen 4:10; Josh 7:19; 2Sam 3:24; 2Kgs 5:25
Michmash 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 13:16, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:5; Isa 10:28
12
said I 1Kgs 12:26-27
made supplication unto Heb. intreated the face of, etc
I forced 1Sam 21:7; Ps 66:3; Amos 8:5; 2Cor 9:7
13
Thou hast done 2Sam 12:7-9; 1Kgs 18:18, 1Kgs 21:20; 2Chr 16:9, 2Chr 19:2, 2Chr 25:15-16; Job 34:18; Prov 19:3; Matt 14:3-4
hast not kept 1Sam 15:11, 1Sam 15:22, 1Sam 15:28; Ps 50:8-15
14
But now 1Sam 2:30, 1Sam 15:28
the Lord 1Sam 16:1, 1Sam 16:12; 2Sam 7:15-16; Ps 78:70, Ps 89:19, Ps 89:20-37; Acts 13:22
captain over 1Sam 9:16; 2Sam 5:2; 2Kgs 20:5; Heb 2:10
15
Samuel The LXX have, "Samuel arose and went away from Gilgal, and the remainder of the people went up along with the men of war after Samuel from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin." This is probably the true reading; for it does not appear that Samuel went to Gibeah, which was Saul's usual residence; and the Hebrew copyist, as Dr. Wall observes, seems to have missed a line, and added to the sentence concerning Samuel, that which ended the sentence concerning Saul. One manuscript instead of Samuel, in the beginning of the sentence, reads Saul.
present Heb. found
about six 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:6-7, 1Sam 14:2
16
Gibeah Heb. Gebah, 1Sam 13:3
17
in three companies 1Sam 11:11
Ophrah Josh 18:23
Shual Josh 19:3
18
Bethhoron Josh 10:11, Josh 16:3, Josh 16:5, Josh 18:13-14; 1Chr 6:68; 2Chr 8:5
Zeboim Gen 14:2; Neh 11:34; Hos 11:8
19
there was no It is probable that the Philistines in the former wars had carried away all the smiths from Israel. Judg 5:8; 2Kgs 24:14; Isa 54:16; Jer 24:1
21
a file Heb. a file with mouths
sharpen Heb. set, 1Sam 13:21
22
there was neither 1Sam 17:47, 1Sam 17:50; Judg 5:8; Zech 4:6; 1Cor 1:27-29; 2Cor 4:7
23
garrison or, standing camp, 1Sam 13:3, 1Sam 14:4
passage 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 14:1, 1Sam 14:4-5; Isa 10:28
1
am 2911, bc 1093, An, Ex, Is, 398
reigned one year Heb. the son of one year in his reigning, This verse is variously interpreted; but probably it only means, according to the Hebrew idiom, that, during the first year nothing remarkable occurred; but after two years (or in the second year of his reign), the subsequent events took place. Exod 12:5; Mic 6:6 *marg.
2
chose 1Sam 8:11, 1Sam 14:52
Michmash Michmash was situated east of Bethaven, or Bethel; and Eusebius says it was in his time a considerable place, about nine miles from Jerusalem, towards Rama. 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:5, 1Sam 14:31; Isa 10:28
in Gibeah 1Sam 10:26, 1Sam 15:34; Josh 18:28; Judg 19:12; 2Sam 21:6; Isa 10:29
3
the garrison 1Sam 10:5, 1Sam 14:1-6; 2Sam 23:14
Geba or, the hill, Josh 18:24, Gaba, Josh 21:17; Isa 10:29; Zech 14:10
blew Judg 3:27, Judg 6:34; 2Sam 2:28, 2Sam 20:1
4
was had in abomination Heb. did stink, Gen 34:30, Gen 46:34; Exod 5:21; Zech 11:8
to Gilgal 1Sam 10:8, 1Sam 11:14-15; Josh 5:9
5
thirty thousand chariots The Philistines had no doubt collected troops in this emergency, from all the surrounding nation; but the number of chariots is immensely large beyond any example, and wholly disproportioned to the number of their cavalry. It is probable, therefore, that for sheloshim aileph, "thirty thousand," we should read shelosh aileph, "three thousand," with the Syriac and Arabic.
as the sand Gen 22:17; Josh 11:4; Judg 7:12; 2Chr 1:9; Isa 48:19; Jer 15:8; Rom 9:27
Bethaven 1Sam 14:23; Josh 7:2, Josh 18:12; Hos 4:15, Hos 5:8, Hos 10:5
6
in a strait Exod 14:10-12; Josh 8:20; Judg 10:9, Judg 20:41; 2Sam 24:14; Phil 1:23
in caves 1Sam 14:11, 1Sam 23:19, 1Sam 24:3; Judg 6:2; Isa 42:22; Heb 11:38
7
the Hebrews Lev 26:17, Lev 26:36-37; Deut 28:25
Gad Num 32:1-5, Num 32:33-42; Deut 3:12; Josh 13:24-31
followed him trembling Heb. trembled after him, Deut 20:8; Judg 7:3; Hos 11:10-11
8
tarried 1Sam 10:8
9
he offered 1Sam 13:12-13, 1Sam 14:18, 1Sam 15:21-22; Deut 12:6; 1Kgs 3:4; Ps 37:7; Prov 15:8; Prov 20:22, Prov 21:3, Prov 21:27; Isa 66:3
10
Saul 1Sam 15:13
salute him Heb. bless him, 1Sam 15:13; Ruth 2:4; Ps 129:8
11
What hast Gen 3:13, Gen 4:10; Josh 7:19; 2Sam 3:24; 2Kgs 5:25
Michmash 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 13:16, 1Sam 13:23, 1Sam 14:5; Isa 10:28
12
said I 1Kgs 12:26-27
made supplication unto Heb. intreated the face of, etc
I forced 1Sam 21:7; Ps 66:3; Amos 8:5; 2Cor 9:7
13
Thou hast done 2Sam 12:7-9; 1Kgs 18:18, 1Kgs 21:20; 2Chr 16:9, 2Chr 19:2, 2Chr 25:15-16; Job 34:18; Prov 19:3; Matt 14:3-4
hast not kept 1Sam 15:11, 1Sam 15:22, 1Sam 15:28; Ps 50:8-15
14
But now 1Sam 2:30, 1Sam 15:28
the Lord 1Sam 16:1, 1Sam 16:12; 2Sam 7:15-16; Ps 78:70, Ps 89:19, Ps 89:20-37; Acts 13:22
captain over 1Sam 9:16; 2Sam 5:2; 2Kgs 20:5; Heb 2:10
15
Samuel The LXX have, "Samuel arose and went away from Gilgal, and the remainder of the people went up along with the men of war after Samuel from Gilgal to Gibeah of Benjamin." This is probably the true reading; for it does not appear that Samuel went to Gibeah, which was Saul's usual residence; and the Hebrew copyist, as Dr. Wall observes, seems to have missed a line, and added to the sentence concerning Samuel, that which ended the sentence concerning Saul. One manuscript instead of Samuel, in the beginning of the sentence, reads Saul.
present Heb. found
about six 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:6-7, 1Sam 14:2
16
Gibeah Heb. Gebah, 1Sam 13:3
17
in three companies 1Sam 11:11
Ophrah Josh 18:23
Shual Josh 19:3
18
Bethhoron Josh 10:11, Josh 16:3, Josh 16:5, Josh 18:13-14; 1Chr 6:68; 2Chr 8:5
Zeboim Gen 14:2; Neh 11:34; Hos 11:8
19
there was no It is probable that the Philistines in the former wars had carried away all the smiths from Israel. Judg 5:8; 2Kgs 24:14; Isa 54:16; Jer 24:1
21
a file Heb. a file with mouths
sharpen Heb. set, 1Sam 13:21
22
there was neither 1Sam 17:47, 1Sam 17:50; Judg 5:8; Zech 4:6; 1Cor 1:27-29; 2Cor 4:7
23
garrison or, standing camp, 1Sam 13:3, 1Sam 14:4
passage 1Sam 13:2, 1Sam 13:5, 1Sam 14:1, 1Sam 14:4-5; Isa 10:28