10:1 This is the account of Shem, Ham and Japheth, Noah’s sons, who themselves had sons after the flood.
10:2 The sons* of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshek and Tiras. / *Genesis 10:2 Sons may mean descendants or successors or nations; also in verses 3, 4, 6, 7, 20-23, 29 and 31.
10:3 The sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath and Togarmah.
10:4 The sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, the Kittites and the Rodanites.* / *Some manuscripts of the Masoretic Text and Samaritan Pentateuch (see also Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:7); most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text Dodanites
10:5 (From these the maritime peoples spread out into their territories by their clans within their nations, each with its own language.)
10:6 The sons of Ham: Cush, Egypt, Put and Canaan.
10:7 The sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah and Sabteka. The sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10:8 Cush was the father* of Nimrod, who became a mighty warrior on the earth. / *Father may mean ancestor or predecessor or founder; also in verses 13, 15, 24 and 26.
10:9 He was a mighty hunter before the Lord; that is why it is said, “Like Nimrod, a mighty hunter before the Lord.”
10:10 The first centers of his kingdom were Babylon, Uruk, Akkad and Kalneh, in* Shinar.** / *Or Uruk and Akkad - all of them in / **That is, Babylonia
10:11 From that land he went to Assyria, where he built Nineveh, Rehoboth Ir,* Calah / *Or Nineveh with its city squares
10:12 and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah - which is the great city.
10:13 Egypt was the father of the Ludites, Anamites, Lehabites, Naphtuhites,
10:14 Pathrusites, Kasluhites (from whom the Philistines came) and Caphtorites.
10:15 Canaan was the father of Sidon his firstborn,* and of the Hittites, / *Or of the Sidonians, the foremost
10:16 Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites,
10:17 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites,
10:18 Arvadites, Zemarites and Hamathites. Later the Canaanite clans scattered
10:19 and the borders of Canaan reached from Sidon toward Gerar as far as Gaza, and then toward Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboyim, as far as Lasha.
10:20 These are the sons of Ham by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.
10:21 Sons were also born to Shem, whose older brother was* Japheth; Shem was the ancestor of all the sons of Eber. / *Or Shem, the older brother of
10:22 The sons of Shem: Elam, Ashur, Arphaxad, Lud and Aram.
10:23 The sons of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether and Meshek.* / *See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:17; Hebrew Mash.
10:24 Arphaxad was the father of* Shelah, and Shelah the father of Eber. / *Hebrew; Septuagint father of Cainan, and Cainan was the father of
10:25 Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg,* because in his time the earth was divided; his brother was named Joktan. / *Peleg means division.
10:26 Joktan was the father of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah,
10:27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah,
10:28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba,
10:29 Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.
10:30 The region where they lived stretched from Mesha toward Sephar, in the eastern hill country.
10:31 These are the sons of Shem by their clans and languages, in their territories and nations.
10:32 These are the clans of Noah’s sons, according to their lines of descent, within their nations. From these the nations spread out over the earth after the flood.